Bitcoin becomes a macroeconomic asset as countries race to ramp up adoption
Bitcoin (BTC) adoption is rising amongst countries, with 32 nations actively pursuing publicity by way of laws, representing roughly one in six nations worldwide, in accordance to a Bitcoin Policy Institute report published Sept. 22.
The research paperwork a speedy acceleration in authorities adoption following President Donald Trump’s election and subsequent executive order establishing a US Strategic Bitcoin Reserve.
The report recognized energetic Bitcoin publicity in 27 countries, whereas 13 have proposed laws to acquire such publicity.
The numbers replicate overlapping classes, as some nations pursue a number of approaches concurrently. Argentina operates government-backed mining utilizing flared fuel whereas proposing laws for a strategic reserve.
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) employs three energetic publicity strategies: government-backed mining, sovereign wealth fund investments in Bitcoin ETFs, and tax cost acceptance.
Strategic Bitcoin Reserve is the go-to technique
Strategic Bitcoin Reserves (SBR) symbolize the most typical method, with 16 countries having proposed or enacted such insurance policies.
Trump’s govt order established federal coverage of retaining relatively than promoting seized Bitcoin holdings, citing $17 billion in potential beneficial properties that will have been missed from earlier liquidations.
Arizona, New Hampshire, and Texas have codified state-level reserves into legislation, with dozens extra states contemplating related measures.
Besides the thought of an SBR, government-backed Bitcoin mining ranks as the second most prevalent methodology, with 14 countries actively or proposing such operations.
Government-backed exploration
Ten nations at the moment mine by way of electrical energy provision preparations that generate profit-sharing Bitcoin accumulation. Argentina, Bhutan, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Iran, North Korea, Oman, Russia, the UAE, and Venezuela all preserve or beforehand operated authorities mining applications.
Seven countries maintain Bitcoin by way of passive holdings, comprising seized cryptocurrency that governments have chosen not to promote. Bulgaria, China, Finland, Georgia, India, the United Kingdom, and Venezuela preserve such holdings, with Finland particularly retaining cash pending courtroom rulings.
Four countries settle for tax funds in Bitcoin throughout varied jurisdictions. Panama City, the Swiss cantons, Dubai, and Colorado state permit Bitcoin tax funds, with Vancouver, Canada, proposing related laws.
Government pension funds and sovereign wealth funds present further publicity avenues. Michigan’s state pension fund invested straight in Bitcoin, whereas 17 different state pension funds preserve oblique publicity by way of Strategy holdings.
Internationally, Japan’s authorities pension fund is exploring direct funding, and South Korea’s fund holds substantial Strategic allocations.
‘Game-theoretic race’
The report positioned Bitcoin adoption as a “game-theoretic race” amongst nations in search of alternate options to conventional reserve belongings. Countries view Bitcoin as a complement to gold reserves, offering digital portability benefits over bodily belongings.
The authors argue that Bitcoin affords sanctions-resistant properties and permits direct worldwide funds with out greenback intermediation.
Adoption momentum has accelerated markedly since Trump’s election, with publicity occasions spiking from sporadic pre-2020 exercise to over 50 occasions in early 2025.
The report concluded that main powers throughout continents now have interaction with Bitcoin as a macroeconomic asset, making a reversal unlikely.
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